克孜尔石窟
龟兹菱格故事汇｜端正王智断儿案
龟兹菱格壁画故事汇第11期
克孜尔 第17窟 端正王智断儿案
局部 端正国王抱小儿
过去，有一个名叫端正的国王，他以佛道治国，很多疑案经他审理都得以公正解决，从不冤枉百姓。
一天，有两妇人为争一儿，吵吵嚷嚷来到王宫，请国王评理。端正王对两妇人说：“现在只有一儿，你俩都想要，请你俩各挽小儿的一只手，用力拉拽，谁能得到，小儿就归谁所有。”这时，假母因无慈爱之心，就尽力拉拽，不惜损伤小儿。而真母出于慈爱，不忍心用力拉扯。小儿遂被假母拉了过去。国王观后，真假分明，便对那个冒充母亲的女人严厉地说：“小儿非你所生，你是硬抢她人之儿。”
在事实面前，这个女人只好向国王承认错误，请求国王宽大为怀，饶恕她的过错，并将小儿还给了其生母。
选自《贤愚经》卷十一
Wise King Solomon Settles Maternity Dispute over Boy
In the past, there was a king named Solomon. He ruled the country with Buddhism and solved many troublesome disputes with justice. He never treated the people unjustly.
One day, two women were fighting for the custody of a boy, causing a ruckus and they went to the palace to seek justice from the king. The king told them，"since there is only one boy and both of you want him, you can each take one of the boy's arms and pull. The boy will belong to the one who can win the tug of war." At this time, the fake mother showed no mercy and pulled hard without worrying whether the boy would be hurt or not. However, due to her affection for the boy, the real mother was reluctant to pull him with force. The fake mother won the tug of war. After witnessing the scene that had unfolded before him, it was obvious which woman was the real mother and which was the fake. The king scolded the fake mother and said, "The boy is not your son. How can you take him from his mother?"
Facing reality, the fake mother could only admit her mistake to the king and beg for forgiveness. After that, she returned the boy to his mother.
From the Sutra of the Wise and the Foolish
克孜尔 第17窟 端正王智断儿案
克孜尔 第17窟 端正王智断儿案
局部 真假母亲跪地求子
克孜尔 第17窟 端正王智断儿案
局部 小儿
克孜尔 第17窟 端正王智断儿案
局部 端正国王
资料提供：新疆龟兹研究院
延伸阅读：
龟兹石窟的洞窟形制可以分为以下几大类：中心柱窟、大像窟、僧房窟、方形窟、龛窟等。
僧房窟：在龟兹石窟中占较大的比例。僧房窟来源于印度的毗诃罗窟。龟兹石窟僧房窟形制的特征，是在主室侧旁有长条形平顶或券顶的甬道。甬道顶端有的设方形小室，甬道左方或右方开短门道入主室。主室多为方形，门道侧有炉灶，灶对面有预留岩体的石床。僧房窟除了供僧人起居外，还是坐禅的场所，也称之为僧禅窟。龟兹石窟僧房窟之多，与龟兹地区早期盛行禅法有关。
指 引新疆克孜尔石窟位于新疆拜城县克孜尔镇东南7千米明屋塔格山的悬崖上，是中国开凿最早、地理位置最西的大型石窟群。克孜尔石窟大约开凿于公元3世纪，在公元8-9世纪逐渐停建，延续时间之长在世界各国绝无仅有。1961年，克孜尔石窟入选第一批全国重点文物保护单位。