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Raboti Malik

摘要: Raboti MalikNavoi Region

Raboti Malik

 

Navoi Region

42,3 ha

40o21' N; 65o15' E

Name of individual Silk Roads component property: Raboti Malik
Brief description of the component property:
Raboti Malik consisting of two cultural objects: Caravanserai and Sardoba.
Raboti Malik Caravanserai is constructed according to the order of Karakhanid Shams-al-Mulk Nasr, son of Tamgachkhan Ibragim ruled in Samarkand from 1068 until 1080. Only its portal has reached until now from the old huge caravanserai on the surface of the ground. The portal of caravanserai - one of the most ancient place in the territory of the Central Asia portals - peshtak with the central lancet arch of niche in which there is a rectangular doorway. The arch is concluded in the П-shaped frame executed from the carved terracotta in the form of eight-final stars connected with each other, limited by intertwining tapes. Ring is decorated by the Arabian inscription. On overhanging walls, under the layers of repair plaster the rests of ancient ganched plasters with figure of vegetative character are traced. The portal, as well as all caravanserais has been laid out from adobe brick with the subsequent facing backed bricks in size of 25х25х4 cm on the ganched solution. Due to archeological excavations in the territory of caravanserai is partially installed the initial plan of the building. The average height of the kept walls shakes from 0,4 up to 0,7 m. The caravanserai occupies - 8277 sq.m.
The time of the construction of Sardoba (water reserve) is certain based on the architecturally archaeological research and dated in the XIV century. It was built as a water supply point construction on the route of the Great Silk Road. Besides this monument represents an integral part of Raboti Malik caravanserai. Sardoba is a traditional for such type of constructions. The cylindrical bases overlapped by the spherical dome, six meters embed into the ground. In the elevated part, there are four arch window apertures, shining an interior. Apertures are located on the sides of the world. From the northern part under the window aperture there is the door arch pass leading in the interior. An inclined corridor conducts to an aperture from the surface of the ground. The rectangular entrance portal is formed it. Internal diameter of Sardoba - 12,3 m, the thickness of walls at the basis - 1 m, the height of all premise - 11 m.
Statement of authenticity and/or integrity of the individual component property
Archeologists have carefully investigated the caravanserai; rests of planning structures were discovered. The II-shaped massif portal partially restored, and in the majority, completely kept volume is conserved. The caravanserai has preserved its antiquity and integrity and in such form has reached our time. Sardoba is an outstanding sample, characteristic for the given Region, water use and interaction of the person with the environment, especially marking, that it is located on the Great Silk Road line and during many centuries is a source of the life of many people living in this area and trading caravans. The monument was preserved until present more than 80 %. The top part of the fallen dome has been restored and an entrance portal with a ladder marches, leading to water. In the basis of sardoba was executed the posting of the lost parts of foundation. The safety of sardoba is provided for long years.
Comparison of the Silk Roads component property: why selected against SoOUV (including explanation of why other similar sites not selected).
The caravanserai is one of the largest constructions of similar type in the territory of Central Asia and has successive relations with old traditions of constructions. In particular, an architectural decor from the carved and coupled bricks present in the sources of building techniques on the ensemble of Sulton-Saodat in Termiz city, mausoleum Samanids and Namazgoh in Bukhara. Separate analogues can be seen on the architectural monuments of Karahanids' capital in Uzgen city. The caravanserai is located on the route of the Great Silk Road. In the territory of Uzbekistan has known constructions for the water supply point. To their number, except for presented, it is possible to add sardoba in Kasbi in Kashkadarya Region, sardoba in Djizzak Region, sardoba in Bukhara city is a part of the complex of Khalifa-Khudaydod.
Caravanserai Rabati Malik is distinguished with its impressive size, clear combination of constructional methods and techniques used in architecture of Central Asia of the Х and XIII centuries. The former provided its fa?ade, like in the case of ancient fortresses, with corrugations (flutes), while the latter - with monumental portal and flanking minarets (towers), looking like wings.
Semi-fortress feature and developed layout of the Caravanserai, constructed back in the XI century, stand out from among typical constructions, that existed along the Great Silk Road.

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