遗产数据库
瓦尔丹泽古城Vardanze Settlement
摘要: UZ-10 Vardanze SettlementVardanze archaeological site represent the remains of a Medieval fortified town of Vardana, which controlled the territories along Samarkand-Bukhara (Shāhrāh) section of the Silk Roads. It was one of the political centers of Weste
瓦尔丹泽古城(Vardanze Settlement),公元4至13 世纪;
瓦尔丹泽考古遗址代表了中世纪要塞城镇瓦尔达纳的遗迹，该城镇曾控制着丝绸之路撒马尔罕-布哈拉（沙拉赫）段沿线的领土。它是西索格德地区的政治中心之一：在公元4至8世纪，它是布哈拉这片古老农耕地的首府，这片农耕地的耕作依赖于沙菲尔坎的水资源，沙菲尔坎是一条中世纪运河，从扎拉夫尚河引出。瓦尔丹泽是瓦尔达纳国王（Vardan-Khudats）的居所，在公元4至8世纪，他们在嚈哒人、突厥可汗国和阿拉伯人之间争夺该地区的霸权；在公元8世纪初，他们统治着整个布哈拉绿洲；他们的宫殿及其装饰痕迹正在城堡上进行挖掘。瓦尔丹泽聚居地也是草原与丝绸之路沿线领土之间边境的战略贸易和生产点，确保了公元4至13世纪与游牧民族的货物进出口。
丝绸之路组成部分的名称：瓦拉赫沙
组件属性的简要描述：
瓦拉赫沙是位于布哈拉以西45公里处的一座大城市，坐落在扎拉夫尚河（Zarafshon River）的古河道罗梅通鲁德（Rometonrud）旁。该城由三角形的小城沙克里斯顿（shakriston）和连接东墙的堡垒组成。有时，这座城市会被充满流水的防御沟渠包围。遗址周围是铅墙；城堡的高度为20米，沙克里斯顿墙的遗迹为10米。城市西侧有防御堡垒，堡垒之间的距离为30米，东面可见唯一一座城门，城门处的沙克里斯顿墙与城堡相连。据考古资料记载，瓦拉赫沙在公元前四至三世纪时还只是一个村庄。中世纪文献中提到，该城是布哈拉王朝统治者布霍罗库多特（Bukhorokhudot）的居所。据布哈拉历史学家穆罕默德·纳尔沙赫伊（Mukhammad Narshakhiy）所述，瓦拉赫沙比布哈拉更古老，并提到了该城的一个古名拉吉凡顿（Rajfandun）。他还写道，瓦拉赫沙是国王们居住的稳定之地，并描述了堡垒的美丽。这里每十五天会举行一天的市场，年末时，市场会持续二十天。据中世纪地理资料记载，瓦拉赫沙经常被提及为布哈拉-花拉子模贸易路线沿线最大的城市之一。该城衰落的原因是扎拉夫尚河的水位降低，而其完全毁灭则与蒙古人的征服有关。该城的废墟举世闻名。这与考古学家V.A.希什金（V.A.Shishkin）在1937-1939年和1947-1954年间对布霍罗库多特王朝宫殿进行的考古发掘有关。在“红厅”和“东厅”的墙壁上，绘有骑大象与神话中的猛兽搏斗的骑士。在东厅的壁画中，部分保存完好的坐在宝座上的国王形象值得特别关注。宫殿二楼的甘奇板遗迹作为壁画是独一无二的。 其中装饰有植物、人物、动物和神话动物。这里发掘的许多发现不仅展现了那个时期的艺术文化，还提供了有关宫殿历史的宝贵信息。在阿拉伯人征服后，瓦拉赫沙和布哈拉成为了重要的经济和战略要地。
单个组件属性的真实性和/或完整性声明
部分保存完好的纪念碑。
丝绸之路组成部分属性的比较：为何选择该属性而非SoOUV（包括解释为何其他类似遗址未被选择）。
瓦拉赫沙是大师和手工艺的中心。据布哈拉的历史学家穆罕默德·纳尔沙赫伊（Mukhammad Narshakhiy）所述，瓦拉赫沙比布哈拉更古老，并提到了该城的一个古老名称——拉吉凡顿（Rajfandun）。他还写道，瓦拉赫沙是国王们居住的稳定之地，并描述了堡垒的美丽。这里每十五天会举办一次为期一天的市场，到了年底，市场会持续二十天。
Vardanze archaeological site represent the remains of a Medieval fortified town of Vardana, which controlled the territories along Samarkand-Bukhara (Shāhrāh) section of the Silk Roads. It was one of the political centers of Western Sogd: in the 4th-8thcenturies, it was the capital of an ancient agricultural land of Bukhara, which cultivation was based on the water resources of Shafirkan, a medieval canal leading from the Zarafshan river. It was the residence of Vardan-Khudats (Kings of Vardana), competing for the supremacy in this area during Hephthalites, the Turkish Khaganates, and the Arabs in the 4th-8thcenturies; they were the rulers of the whole of Bukhara oasis in the early 8thcentury; their palace with traces of decoration is being excavated on the Citadel. Vardanze settlement was also a strategic trading and production point in the frontier between the steppe and the territories along the Silk Roads, which ensured the export and import of goods with nomads in the 4th-13thcenturies.
始建于6世纪的Vardanzeh城；被有关学者认为是布哈拉统治者经常居住的Romitan城；
Name of individual Silk Roads component property: Varakhsha
Brief description of the component property:
Varakhsha is one of the biggest cities located in 45 km from the West of Bukhara, in the bank of abounding in water Rometonrud an ancient stream of Zarafshon River. It was consisted of triangle shape small city- shakriston and fortress connected in the Eastern wall. Some times this city was surrounded by defense ditch filled with flowing water. The site is surrounded by plumb wall; height of the citadel is 20 meters and remains of shakhriston wall are 10 meters. There are defense forts along Western side of the city distances between of which 30 meter and a place of only gate, where walls of the shakhriston are connected with citadel, could be seen in the East. According to archaeological sources primarily Varakhsha was found as village in IV-III centuries B.C. As mentioned in medieval sources city was residence of the dynasty Bukhorokhudot - governors of Bukhara. According to Mukhammad Narshakhiy - historian of Bukhara, Varakhsha more ancient than Bukhara and mentioned Rajfandun - one of the ancient names of the city. Also he wrote that Varakhsha was stable place where lived kings and described beauty of fortress. Here every fifteen days was one-day market and at the end of year, market was lasted twenty days. According to the medieval geographical sources, Varakhsha often mentioned as one of the biggest city along Bukhara - Khorezm trade route. The reason of decay of the city was becoming lower of the water of Zarafshon River and it is fully destruction was connected to conquest of Mongols. The ruins of the city became a well-known all over the world. The reason was related with the archeological excavations carried out by archaeologist V.A.Shishkin in the palace of Bukhorokhudot dynasty in 1937-1939 and 1947-1954 years. In the walls of "Red hall" and "Eastern hall" were painted riders on the elephants fighting with mythic predators. Among the wall paintings of the Eastern hall, partly preserved image of sitting king on the throne is merited special attention. Remains of ganch panel in the second floor of the palace are unique as wall paintings. Plantings, human, animals and mythic animals are decorated in it. Many findings excavated here not only present artistic culture of that period but also valuable information on the history of the palace.Varakhsha and Bukhara became large economic and strategic place after the conquest of Arabs.
Statement of authenticity and/or integrity of the individual component property
Partially preserved monument.
Comparison of the Silk Roads component property: why selected against SoOUV (including explanation of why other similar sites not selected).
Vararhsha was centre of masters and handcrafts. According to Mukhammad Narshakhiy - historian of Bukhara, Varakhsha more ancient than Bukhara and mentioned Rajfandun - one of the ancient names of the city. Also he wrote that Varakhsha was stable place where lived kings and described beauty of fortress. Here every fifteen days was one-day market and at the end of year, market was lasted twenty days.