Express News
缅甸历史文化遗产震后速报


引言 | Foreword
2025年3月28日发生的7.9级强震致使缅甸遭遇重大损失，据央视新闻与新华社最新通报，截至4月1日，缅甸28日发生的强震已造成2719人遇难，另有4521人受伤，约441人失踪，我们向所有遇难者致以沉痛的哀悼。地震也对缅甸曼德勒-实皆-内比都沿线众多的文化遗产造成了毁灭性打击，约670座寺庙损毁、290座佛塔倾覆，曼德勒皇宫、马哈牟尼佛寺、梅努寺、阿瓦大桥等重要建筑损毁严重或变为废墟。数百座佛塔、寺庙坍塌，人类共同文化遗产存续正面临严峻考验。
为此，亚洲遗产管理学会特发布系列“缅甸历史文化遗产震后速报”，呼吁全球社会关注缅甸历史文化遗产的珍贵价值及震后损毁情况，共同守护人类文明的瑰宝。
01
因瓦古城梅努寺震后速报
Post-earthquake Express News of 
Me Nu Oak Kyaung
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 01 遗产概况 
梅努寺（Me Nu Oak Kyaung）坐落于古城东北伊洛瓦底江、米界河两江交汇形成的三角洲内。该寺始建于1822年，由贡榜王朝梅努皇后（Nanmadaw Me Nu）督造，最初为王室出家僧人修行场所，初始为传统木构建筑。1838年遭到地震破坏，木质结构损毁，1873年修复后改为砖砌灰泥结构以增强抗震性能。梅努寺长58.52米、宽34.14米、高28.65米，建在巨大的砖石基座上，四周设有雄伟的石梯。

图1 梅努寺区位示意图（来源：东南大学团队自绘）
Figure 1. Location of Me Nu Oak Kyaung  (Source: Southeast University)
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 02 文化特色
梅努寺位于缅甸历史名城因瓦，该历史建筑作为“上缅甸历史城市群”的组成部分，已被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产预备名录。寺内空间东侧为神龛区，西侧大殿区由两个中心内室、供僧人修行的环状小室及两圈围合回廊组成。西侧大殿内室中，东室是主佛像殿与首席住持居所，西室为僧侣宿舍和教室。梅努寺有三重叠檐屋顶，立面壮观华美，外墙通体米黄色粉刷，雕花繁复线条柔美，反映了19世纪贡榜王朝的建筑艺术和宗教文化。

图2 梅努寺平面图 （来源：亚洲历史建筑）
Figure 2. Plane Figure of Me Nu Oak Kyaung  (Source: Asian Historical Architecture)
https://www.orientalarchitecture.com/sid/1160/myanmar/inwa/maha-aung-mye-bonzan-monastery
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 03 损毁情况
据缅甸社交媒体、震区群众相关消息及中华网、南方周末等媒体报道，本次强震导致梅努寺主体建筑大部分倾覆，该建筑独特的阳台逐层坍塌。

图3 梅努寺震前照片 来源：东南大学团队自摄
Figure 3. Photo before earthquake  (Source: Southeast University)

图4 梅努寺震后照片（来源：微信公众号-今日仰光2025.3.30）
Figure 4. Photo after earthquake  (Source: Wechat official account-Today’s Yangon 2025.3.30)

图5 梅努寺震后照片（来源：缅甸当地群众拍摄）
Figure 5. Photo after earthquake  (Source: Photo from Local people in Myanmar)

图6 梅努寺北立面  来源：东南大学团队测绘
（绘图：鞠朵，校核：李金一，测绘成员：陈智深、蒋婉和、鞠朵、翟沛帆，审核：董卫、周小棣、王逸帆）
Figure 6. North elevation of Me Nu Oak Kyaung  (Source: Mapping from Southeast University )
（Drawn by Ju Duo, Checked by Li Jinyi, Measurements by Chen Zhishen, Jiang Wanhen, Ju Duo, Zhai Peifan, Approved by Dong Wei, Zhou Xiaodi, Wang Yifan)

图7 梅努寺震前照片  来源：东南大学团队自摄
Figure 7. Photo before earthquake  (Source: Southeast University )

图8 梅努寺震前照片  来源：东南大学团队及中测瑞格自摄
Figure 8. Photo before earthquake 
(Source: Southeast University and China Rigg Surveying Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.)
The following is the English version：

Express News
Post-earthquake Express News on Myanmar's Historical and Cultural Heritages


Foreword
The 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck on March 28th, 2025 caused heavy losses to Myanmar. According to latest reports from CCTV NEWS and the Xinhua News Agency, as of April 1st, 2025, the strong earthquake that struck Myanmar on the 28th has resulted in 2719 deaths, with another 4521 injured and approximately 441 missing. We extend our deepest condolences to all the victims.
The earthquake also dealt a devastating blow to numerous cultural heritage sites along Mandalay - Sagaing - Naypyitaw region, with about 670 temples damaged and 290 pagodas collapsed. Important structures such as the King Palace, Mahamuni Pagoda, Me Nu Oak Kyaung, Innwa Bridge have suffered severe damage or been reduced to ruins. Hundreds of stupas and temples collapsed. The survival of the common cultural heritages of mankind is facing a severe test.   
To this end, the Asian Academy for Heritage Management has released a series of "Post-earthquake Express News on Myanmar's Historical and Cultural Heritages", calling on the global community to pay attention to the precious value of Myanmar's historical and cultural heritages and the damages condition after the earthquake, and jointly protect the treasures of human civilization.
01
Post-earthquake Express News of Me Nu Oak Kyaung
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01 Heritage Overview
Me Nu Oak Kyaung is located in the delta formed by the confluence of the Irrawaddy River and the Myitnge River, on the northeastern side of the Innwa ancient city, within the moat. The temple was initially built in 1822 under the supervision of Queen Nanmadaw Me Nu of the Konbaung Dynasty. It was Sourceally a place for royal monks to practice. The initial structure was made of wood. In 1838, it was damaged by an earthquake, and the wooden structure was destroyed. In 1873, it was restored and rebuilt with brick and plaster to enhance its seismic resistance. The temple is 58.52 meters long, 34.14 meters wide and 28.65 meters high, built on a base with masonry stairs.
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02 Cultural Features
Me Nu Oak Kyaung is located in the Innwa historic city. As part of the “Ancient cities of Upper Myanmar”, it has been listed on the "UNESCO World Heritage Tentative Lists". The main interior space is divided into a tall pyathat-crowned shrine on the east side and a large hall area on the west side. The west hall area consists of two central inner rooms, small rooms for monks to practice and two sets of perimeter corridors. In the inner rooms of the west hall, the east room is Buddha image chamber and chief abbot’s residence, while the west room is for monks' dormitories and schoolrooms. The temple has a three-tiered eave roof, with a magnificent and beautiful facade. The exterior walls are entirely painted yellow, intricately carved, and have graceful lines, reflecting the architectural art and religious culture of the Konbaung Dynasty in the 19th century.
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03 Damages Condition
According to social media in Myanmar, oral confirmation of people in the earthquake area and media reports from CDC and Southern Weekend, the recent powerful earthquake resulted in the substantial collapse of the principal structure of Me Nu Oak Kyaung, and its distinctive tiered balconies fell down.
备注：梅努寺所有震前照片及测绘图均来源于东南大学团队于2019年07月赴缅甸对梅努寺进行的调研，拍摄与测绘。
Note: All the pre-earthquake photos and mapping maps of Me Nu Oak Kyaung are derived from the investigation, shooting and mapping of the team of Southeast University in Myanmar in July 2019.
END
图片来源：亚洲遗产管理学会
文字来源：亚洲遗产管理学会
学术支持：城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室（东南大学）

亚洲遗产管理学会
Asian Academy for 
Heritage Management