Express News
缅甸历史文化遗产震后速报


引言 | Foreword
2025年3月28日发生的7.9级强震致使缅甸遭遇重大损失，据央视新闻与新华社最新通报，截至4月6日，缅甸28日发生的强震已造成3471人遇难，另有4671人受伤，约214人失踪，我们向所有遇难者致以沉痛的哀悼。地震也对缅甸曼德勒-实皆-内比都沿线众多的文化遗产造成了毁灭性打击，约670座寺庙损毁、290座佛塔倾覆，曼德勒皇宫、马哈牟尼佛寺、梅努寺、阿瓦大桥等重要建筑损毁严重或变为废墟。数百座佛塔、寺庙坍塌，人类共同文化遗产存续正面临严峻考验。
为此，亚洲遗产管理学会特发布系列“缅甸历史文化遗产震后速报”，呼吁全球社会关注缅甸历史文化遗产的珍贵价值及震后损毁情况，共同守护人类文明的瑰宝。
05
温卡帕佛塔震后速报
Post-earthquake Express News of 
Win Ka Par Pagpda


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 01 遗产概况 
温卡帕佛塔（Win Ka Par Pagpda）位于因瓦古城西部，是由缅甸丹宁瓦耶国王（1714-1733年在位）主持建造的砖砌佛塔，为18世纪早期昂扬延(Nyaung Yan)风格典范。这座三层佛塔约22.4×22.4米，高约7.8米，坐北朝南，外墙上装饰着连绵的莲花纹饰。四面外墙各分布着五组殿宇形装饰壁龛，最外侧的两组均设有上下两扇洞窗，共计三十二扇洞窗。中央壁龛处精心设计了上下两处门扉，北墙下方仅留一处小孔。建筑核心处暗藏一条双轨通道，北侧以拱形廊道贯通内外。封闭的南墙巧妙开凿透光孔，将天光引入主入口深处。
首层入口左右各设 2 道楼梯，二层则在东南与西南角安装 2 道楼梯，上下回廊皆通达有序。顶层由八角形砖砌的鞋型宝座门支撑中央柱，并托起一座佛塔。整座寺院矗立于平台之上，南侧与西侧有台阶。一、二层门廊以灰泥装饰，尽显丹宁瓦耶国王时期的建筑风华。



















图1 温卡帕佛塔区位示意图（来源：东南大学团队自绘）
Figure 1. Location of Win Ka Par Pagpda  (Source: Southeast University)



图2 温卡帕佛塔震前照片（ 来源：Myo Min Oo）
Figure 2. Photo before earthquake  (Source: Myo Min Oo )




图3 温卡帕佛塔震前照片（来源：当地游客）
Figure 3. Photo before earthquake  (Source: Local tourists)



图4 温卡帕佛塔北立面  来源：东南大学团队测绘
（绘图：钟毓，校核：李金一，测绘成员：钟毓、翟沛帆，审核：董卫、周小棣、王逸凡）
Figure 6. North elevation of Win Ka Par Pagpda  (Source: Mapping from Southeast University )
（Drawn by Zhong Yu, Checked by Li Jinyi, Measurements by Zhong Yu, Zhai Peifan, Approved by Dong Wei, Zhou Xiaodi, Wang Yifan)




图5 温卡帕佛塔西立面  来源：东南大学团队测绘
（绘图：钟毓，校核：李金一，测绘成员：钟毓、翟沛帆，审核：董卫、周小棣、王逸凡）
Figure 6. West elevation of Win Ka Par Pagpda  (Source: Mapping from Southeast University )
（Drawn by Zhong Yu, Checked by Li Jinyi, Measurements by Zhong Yu, Zhai Peifan, Approved by Dong Wei, Zhou Xiaodi, Wang Yifan)
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 02 损毁情况
由考古学家Kyaw Swar Oo拍摄的照片显示，温卡帕佛塔发生局部坍塌，大量红色碎砖掉落，露出其内部结构。





图6 温卡帕佛塔震后照片（来源：考古学家Kyaw Swar Oo拍摄）
Figure 6. Photo after earthquake  (Source: Photo from Kyaw Swar Oo)



图7 温卡帕佛塔震后照片（来源：考古学家Kyaw Swar Oo拍摄）
Figure 7. Photo after earthquake  (Source: Photo from Kyaw Swar Oo)



图8 温卡帕佛塔震后照片（来源：考古学家Kyaw Swar Oo拍摄）
Figure 8. Photo after earthquake  (Source: Photo from Kyaw Swar Oo)




The following is the English version：

Express News
Post-earthquake Express News on Myanmar's Historical and Cultural Heritages


Foreword
The 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck on March 28th, 2025 caused heavy losses to Myanmar. According to latest reports from CCTV NEWS and the Xinhua News Agency, as of April 1st, 2025, the strong earthquake that struck Myanmar on the 28th has resulted in 3471 deaths, with another 4671 injured and approximately 214 missing. We extend our deepest condolences to all the victims.
The earthquake also dealt a devastating blow to numerous cultural heritage sites along Mandalay - Sagaing - Naypyitaw region, with about 670 temples damaged and 290 pagodas collapsed. Important structures such as the King Palace, Mahamuni Pagoda, Me Nu Oak Kyaung, Innwa Bridge have suffered severe damage or been reduced to ruins. Hundreds of stupas and temples collapsed. The survival of the common cultural heritages of mankind is facing a severe test.   
To this end, the Asian Academy for Heritage Management has released a series of "Post-earthquake Express News on Myanmar's Historical and Cultural Heritages", calling on the global community to pay attention to the precious value of Myanmar's historical and cultural heritages and the damages condition after the earthquake, and jointly protect the treasures of human civilization.
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Post-earthquake Express News of Win Ka Par Pagpda


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01 Heritage Overview
The Win Ka Par Pagoda  is located in the western part of Innwa, and was built under the patronage of King Taninganway of Myanmar, who reigned from 1714 to 1733, and stands as a paragon of the early 18th-century Nyaung Yan style. This three-tiered pagoda measures approximately  71ft by 71ft at its base and is about 36ft height, oriented north to south. The exterior walls are adorned with continuous lotus patterns. Each of the four exterior walls features five groups of decorative niches resembling pavilions, with the two outermost groups on each side equipped with two windows, totaling thirty-two windows. The central niche is meticulously designed with two doors, while only a small hole is left at the bottom of the north wall. The core of the structure contains a hidden double-track passage, with the north side connected by an arched corridor. The closed south wall is ingeniously carved with light holes, guiding natural light deep into the main entrance.
The first floor entrance is flanked by two staircases on each side, while the second floor features two staircases at the southeast and southwest corners, with both upper and lower corridors being orderly and accessible. The top level is supported by an octagonal brick shoe-shaped throne, which in turn supports a central pillar and a pagoda. The entire temple complex stands on a platform, with steps on the south and west sides. The first and second floor porticos are decorated with plaster, showcasing the architectural splendor of King Taninganway's era.
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02 Damages Condition
Photos taken by archaeologist Kyaw Swar Oo show a partial collapse of the Winkapa Pagoda, with a large number of broken red bricks, exposing its inner structure.
备注：温卡帕佛塔测绘图均来源于东南大学团队于2019年07月赴缅甸对温卡帕佛塔进行的调研，拍摄与测绘。
Note: All the mapping maps of Win Ka Par Pagpda are derived from the investigation, shooting and mapping of the team of Southeast University in Myanmar in July 2019.
END
图片来源：亚洲遗产管理学会
文字来源：亚洲遗产管理学会
学术支持：城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室（东南大学）
中国城市规划学会城市规划历史与理论分会
制作：李文玥、邹清杨、May Myat Noe Ko（缅）
审核：汪艳
审定：董卫、江泓



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Heritage Management