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Raboti Malik Caravanserai and Sardoba
摘要: UZ-07 Raboti Malik Caravanserai and Sardoba拉博蒂·马利克商队客栈和萨尔多巴作为基础设施的组成部分和唯一的本地水源，拉博蒂·马利克综合体的建筑和功能设计解决方案反映了丝绸之路文化与商业交流融合进程的影响。作为皇家场所（居所）的商队客栈，标志着从最初的信仰战士驿站到作为酒店和商队客栈的防御工事的重要发展。萨尔多巴和商队客栈的结构是 ...
UZ-07 Raboti Malik Caravanserai and Sardoba
拉博蒂·马利克商队客栈和萨尔多巴作为基础设施的组成部分和唯一的本地水源，拉博蒂·马利克综合体的建筑和功能设计解决方案反映了丝绸之路文化与商业交流融合进程的影响。作为皇家场所（居所）的商队客栈，标志着从最初的信仰战士驿站到作为酒店和商队客栈的防御工事的重要发展。萨尔多巴和商队客栈的结构是人类在土地利用方面寻找复杂建筑和规划解决方案以在干旱草原环境中提供必要生活条件的杰出例子。拉博蒂·马利克综合体是仅用于维持商队贸易路线通信的结构的杰出例子，展示了人类历史发展的一个重要阶段。拉博蒂·马利克的复杂规划解决方案在极端气候条件下保护车队，是人类与环境关系的独特例子。萨尔多巴在极端气候条件下为商队连接道路的全面运作做出了贡献。
丝绸之路组成部分姓名：拉博蒂·马利克
组件属性的简要描述：
拉博蒂·马利克（Raboti Malik）由两个文化遗迹组成：商队客栈（Caravanserai）和萨尔多巴（Sardoba）。
拉博蒂·马利克商队客栈（Raboti Malik Caravanserai）是按照卡拉汉王朝沙姆斯-阿尔-穆尔克·纳斯尔（Shams-al-Mulk Nasr）的命令建造的。沙姆斯-阿尔-穆尔克·纳斯尔是塔姆加奇汗·伊布拉吉姆（Tamgachkhan Ibragim）的儿子，他在1068年至1080年间统治撒马尔罕。从地面上的古老大型商队客栈来看，目前仅存其入口。商队客栈的入口是中亚地区最古老的地方之一，入口处设有带中央尖拱的壁龛，壁龛内设有一扇长方形门。拱门由P形框架构成，框架由相互连接的八角星形陶土雕刻而成，由交织的带子固定。环上饰有阿拉伯铭文。在悬垂的墙壁上，修复灰泥层下，可以追溯到带有植物图案的古老甘吉石膏遗迹。入口以及所有商队客栈均由土坯砖砌成，随后在甘吉解决方案上铺上25x25x4厘米大小的背砖。由于在商队客栈所在地进行的考古发掘，建筑最初的平面图已部分复原。保留的墙壁平均高度在0.4至0.7米之间。商队客栈占地8277平方米。
根据建筑考古研究，萨尔多巴（水库）的建造时间已确定，可追溯至十四世纪。它作为丝绸之路沿线的一个供水点而建。此外，这座纪念碑也是拉博蒂·马利克商队驿站不可或缺的一部分。萨尔多巴是此类建筑的传统代表。圆柱形基座上覆盖着球形穹顶，深入地下六米。在高架部分，设有四个拱形窗户，为内部采光。窗户位于建筑两侧。窗户下方的北侧设有通往内部的门拱。一条倾斜的走廊从地面通向窗户。由此形成矩形入口。萨尔多巴的内径为12.3米，底部墙体厚度为1米，整个建筑高度为11米。
单个组件属性的真实性和/或完整性声明
考古学家对商队客栈进行了仔细调查，发现了残留的规划结构。II形山体门道部分得到修复，且大部分保存完好。商队客栈保留了其古老性和完整性，并以这种形式流传至今。萨尔多巴是一个杰出的样本，代表了该地区的特点、水资源利用以及人与环境的互动，尤其值得一提的是，它位于丝绸之路沿线，在许多世纪里，一直是该地区许多居民和商队生活的源泉。这座古迹至今保存了80%以上。倒塌的圆顶顶部已得到修复，入口处设有带梯子的门道，可通往水源。在萨尔多巴的基础上，对地基的缺失部分进行了修复。萨尔多巴的安全性得到了长期保障。
丝绸之路组成部分属性的比较：为何选择此属性而非SoOUV（包括解释为何未选择其他类似遗址）。
这座商队客栈是中亚地区同类建筑中规模最大的之一，与古老的建筑传统有着千丝万缕的联系。特别是，在泰尔米兹市苏尔通-萨奥达特建筑群、萨曼尼德陵墓和布哈拉纳马兹戈的建筑技术资料中，都出现了雕刻和拼接砖块的建筑装饰。在乌兹根市卡拉汉尼德王朝首都的建筑遗迹上也可以看到类似的装饰。这座商队客栈位于丝绸之路的沿线。在乌兹别克斯坦境内，已知有供水点建筑。除了文中提到的，还可以加上卡什卡达里亚地区卡斯比的萨多巴、吉扎克地区的萨多巴，布哈拉市的萨多巴是哈利法-胡达伊德建筑群的一部分。
卡拉万塞莱·拉巴提·马利克（Caravanserai Rabati Malik）以其宏伟的规模、建筑方法与技术的清晰结合而著称，这些方法和技术均源自于十世纪至十三世纪的中亚建筑。该建筑的前立面与古代堡垒一样，采用了波纹（凹槽）设计，而其后方则设有宏伟的大门和两侧的尖塔（塔楼），形似翅膀。
半堡垒特征和发达的布局的商队旅馆，建造于XI世纪，在典型的建筑中脱颖而出，这些建筑沿着伟大的丝绸之路存在。
Architectural and functional design solutions of the Raboti Malik Complex, as an integral part of infrastructure and the only local water source, reflect the impact of the integration process with active cultural and commercial exchanges on the Silk Roads. The caravanserai with its function as a royal place (residence) marks a significant development from the original caravanserais as stations for fighters for faiths to fortifications serving as hotels and caravanserais. The structure of both, the Sardoba and Caravanserai, is an outstanding example of human creativity to find sophisticated architectural and planning solutions in land-use allowing the necessary living conditions in the dry-steppe environment. Raboti Malik complex is an outstanding example of the type of structures that appeared only to maintain communication on the caravan trade routes, illustrating an important stage in the development of human history. The complex planning solutions of Raboti Malik, functioned for the protection of convoys in the extreme climatic conditions is a unique example human relationship with the environment. The Sardoba contributed to the full functioning of the caravan connections on the road in extreme climatic conditions.Raboti Malik
| Navoi Region | 42,3 ha | 40o21' N; 65o15' E |
Name of individual Silk Roads component property: Raboti Malik
Brief description of the component property:
Raboti Malik consisting of two cultural objects: Caravanserai and Sardoba.
Raboti Malik Caravanserai is constructed according to the order of Karakhanid Shams-al-Mulk Nasr, son of Tamgachkhan Ibragim ruled in Samarkand from 1068 until 1080. Only its portal has reached until now from the old huge caravanserai on the surface of the ground. The portal of caravanserai - one of the most ancient place in the territory of the Central Asia portals - peshtak with the central lancet arch of niche in which there is a rectangular doorway. The arch is concluded in the П-shaped frame executed from the carved terracotta in the form of eight-final stars connected with each other, limited by intertwining tapes. Ring is decorated by the Arabian inscription. On overhanging walls, under the layers of repair plaster the rests of ancient ganched plasters with figure of vegetative character are traced. The portal, as well as all caravanserais has been laid out from adobe brick with the subsequent facing backed bricks in size of 25х25х4 cm on the ganched solution. Due to archeological excavations in the territory of caravanserai is partially installed the initial plan of the building. The average height of the kept walls shakes from 0,4 up to 0,7 m. The caravanserai occupies - 8277 sq.m.
The time of the construction of Sardoba (water reserve) is certain based on the architecturally archaeological research and dated in the XIV century. It was built as a water supply point construction on the route of the Great Silk Road. Besides this monument represents an integral part of Raboti Malik caravanserai. Sardoba is a traditional for such type of constructions. The cylindrical bases overlapped by the spherical dome, six meters embed into the ground. In the elevated part, there are four arch window apertures, shining an interior. Apertures are located on the sides of the world. From the northern part under the window aperture there is the door arch pass leading in the interior. An inclined corridor conducts to an aperture from the surface of the ground. The rectangular entrance portal is formed it. Internal diameter of Sardoba - 12,3 m, the thickness of walls at the basis - 1 m, the height of all premise - 11 m.
Statement of authenticity and/or integrity of the individual component property
Archeologists have carefully investigated the caravanserai; rests of planning structures were discovered. The II-shaped massif portal partially restored, and in the majority, completely kept volume is conserved. The caravanserai has preserved its antiquity and integrity and in such form has reached our time. Sardoba is an outstanding sample, characteristic for the given Region, water use and interaction of the person with the environment, especially marking, that it is located on the Great Silk Road line and during many centuries is a source of the life of many people living in this area and trading caravans. The monument was preserved until present more than 80 %. The top part of the fallen dome has been restored and an entrance portal with a ladder marches, leading to water. In the basis of sardoba was executed the posting of the lost parts of foundation. The safety of sardoba is provided for long years.
Comparison of the Silk Roads component property: why selected against SoOUV (including explanation of why other similar sites not selected).
The caravanserai is one of the largest constructions of similar type in the territory of Central Asia and has successive relations with old traditions of constructions. In particular, an architectural decor from the carved and coupled bricks present in the sources of building techniques on the ensemble of Sulton-Saodat in Termiz city, mausoleum Samanids and Namazgoh in Bukhara. Separate analogues can be seen on the architectural monuments of Karahanids' capital in Uzgen city. The caravanserai is located on the route of the Great Silk Road. In the territory of Uzbekistan has known constructions for the water supply point. To their number, except for presented, it is possible to add sardoba in Kasbi in Kashkadarya Region, sardoba in Djizzak Region, sardoba in Bukhara city is a part of the complex of Khalifa-Khudaydod.
Caravanserai Rabati Malik is distinguished with its impressive size, clear combination of constructional methods and techniques used in architecture of Central Asia of the Х and XIII centuries. The former provided its fa?ade, like in the case of ancient fortresses, with corrugations (flutes), while the latter - with monumental portal and flanking minarets (towers), looking like wings.
Semi-fortress feature and developed layout of the Caravanserai, constructed back in the XI century, stand out from among typical constructions, that existed along the Great Silk Road.