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Yassy-Turkestan
摘要: 亚西-突厥斯坦的古代聚落；北纬43°29'，东经68°27'亚西-突厥斯坦的古代聚落（I – 十四世纪初）该组成部分位于突厥斯坦地区的行政中心——突厥斯坦的中心，距离2003年列入名录的世界遗产“霍贾·艾哈迈德·亚萨维陵墓”以南350米。古代聚落的城堡和霍贾·艾哈迈德·亚萨维陵墓坐落在五角形山丘上，其东南侧边长130米，东北侧边长90米，西北侧边长130米， ...
亚西-突厥斯坦的古代聚落；北纬43°29'，东经68°27'
亚西-突厥斯坦的古代聚落（I – 十四世纪初）
该组成部分位于突厥斯坦地区的行政中心——突厥斯坦的中心，距离2003年列入名录的世界遗产“霍贾·艾哈迈德·亚萨维陵墓”以南350米。古代聚落的城堡和霍贾·艾哈迈德·亚萨维陵墓坐落在五角形山丘上，其东南侧边长130米，东北侧边长90米，西北侧边长130米，西南侧边长200米。对突厥斯坦的考古研究表明，其文化层可追溯至公元1000年初至14世纪初。
古聚落的西墙长约350米，保存状况良好。过去，该城有三条主要街道贯穿全城，连接四座城门。商队客栈和市场位于城南靠近城墙的位置。中世纪末期，古聚落的面积可能相当于蒙古入侵前的城市规模。此外，该区域还包括几处更早的文化遗址，其中最大的是库尔托别古聚落。中世纪晚期，该城曾被帖木儿王朝和谢巴尼王朝统治。之后，由于穆斯林社区的精神作用，该城被选为哈萨克汗国（统治者）的首都。历史上，亚西-突厥斯坦是游牧草原、中亚、中国和其他地区之间的大型贸易中心。
亚西-突厥斯坦（Yassy-Turkestan）的古老定居点具有国家价值和管理机构——“阿兹雷特-苏丹”国家历史和文化博物馆保护区（成立于1989年）所在地的官方地位。 Ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan; 43°29' N, 68°27' E
Ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan (I – beginning of the XIV centuries)
The component is located in the centre of the Turkestan – the administrative centre of the Turkestan Region in 350 m to the south from World Heritage Property “Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi” inscribed in the List in 2003. The citadel of the ancient settlement and Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi are situated on the pentagonal mount with south-eastern side is equal to 130 m, north-eastern to 90 m, and north-western to 130 m, and south-western to 200 m. The archaeological studies of Turkestan have shown that its cultural layers were dated by the period from the beginning of the 1 millennium A.D. to the beginning of XIV century.
The western wall of the ancient settlement has the length of around 350 m remained in a good state. In the past, the city was crossed by three main streets connecting four gates. The caravanserai and market were situated in a southern part of the city close to the wall. The territory of the ancient settlement during the end of the Middle Ages probably corresponds to the size of the city before the Mongolian invasion. It also includes several earlier cultural sites, the largest of which is the ancient settlement of Kultobe. During the late Middle Ages, the city was under the rule of Timurid and Shaybanid dynasties. After that, the city was chosen as the capital of Kazakh khans (rulers) because of its spiritual role of the Muslim community. Historically Yassy-Turkestan was a large trading centre between the nomadic steppe, Central Asia, China and other regions.
The ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan has the official status of the site of the national value and managing institution – “Azret-Sultan” State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve established in 1989.